Introduction
Vati Kalpana is an Ayurvedic medicinal dosage type during which finely powdered medicinal elements are processed with an appropriate liquid medium (bhavana dravya) or binding brokers after which molded into small, stable items of a selected measurement and weight.
The phrase ‘Vati’ means ‘little spherical ball’. ‘Kalpana’ means formulation. Vati Kalpana is taken into account because the upa-kalapana (Secondary dosage kinds) of Kalka Kalpana or paste formulation, which is likely one of the Pancha vidha kashaya kalpanas.
Significance of Vati amongst Ayurvedic dosage kinds
Vati Kalpana is likely one of the most popularly prescribed dosage kinds in Ayurveda as a result of –
- Straightforward administration with none preparation in contrast to decoction and so forth.
- Consistency in dosing and lowering the opportunity of dosage errors
- Palatability, making them extra acceptable to sufferers.
- Longer shelf life and so forth.
Synonyms of Vati
वटकाश्चाथ कथ्यन्ते तन्नाम गुटिका वटी |
मोदको वटिका पिण्डी गुडो वर्त्तिस्तथोच्यते || (Sharngadhara Samhita, Madhyama Khanda, 7/1)
Vataka, Gutika, Vati, Modaka, Vatika, Pindi, guda, Varti are the synonyms of Vati.
Historical past of Vati Kalpana
Vati Kalpana is likely one of the oldest Ayurvedic dosage kinds, with references courting again to the Vedic interval. The Rigveda mentions pill-like preparations beneath the time period ‘Mani’, whereas kinds corresponding to Pindi, Modaka, Vataka, and Varti are additionally described in Vedic literature. Vati Kalpana developed from Kalka Kalpana, whereby medicinal paste is formed into stable items for administration. Acharya Vagbhata described the preparation of dosage kinds corresponding to Vati, Gutika, and Varti from Kalka. In Sharangadhara Samhita, synonyms of Vati embody Gutika, Vatika, Pindi, Modaka, Guda, and Varti, highlighting its long-standing significance in Ayurvedic pharmaceutics.
Classification of Vati Kalpana
Whereas describing the idea of Vati Kalpana, Acharya Sharngadhara mentions two sorts of Vatis,
- Vahni Sadhya Vati
- Avahni Sadhya vati
- Vahnisadhya Vati
लेहवत्साध्यते वह्नौ गुडो वा शर्करा तथा |
गुग्गुलुर्वा क्षिपेत्तत्र चूर्णं तन्निर्मिता वटी || (Sha.Ma.Kh.7/2)
Vati ready with the assistance of Vahni or hearth is named Vahnisadhya Vati or Agnisiddha Vati. On this methodology sugar, jaggery, guggulu and so forth. binding brokers are boiled with water till they attain a consistency like lehyam after which powders of different elements are added to make a paste for making ready Vati.
Eg: Yogaraja Guggulu, Kaishora Guggulu, Sudarshana Ghanavti and so forth.
- Avahni Sadhya vati
कुर्यादवह्निसिद्धेन क्वचिद् गुग्गुलुना वटीम् |
द्र वेण मधुना वाऽपि गुटिकां कारयेद् बुधः || (Sha.Ma.Kh.7/3)
Vati ready with out the assistance of Vahni or hearth is named Avahnisadhya Vati or Niragnisiddha Vati. On this methodology, binding is achieved utilizing available liquid media corresponding to honey, contemporary natural juices (Svarasa), or water, reasonably than conventional binding brokers like sugar, jaggery, or guggulu.
Eg; Eladi Vati, Lavangadi Vati, Sanivani Vati and so forth.
Normal Components Utilized in Vati Preparation
- Totally different components of herbs
- Purified Mineral Substances
- Metallic preparations corresponding to Bhasma
- Animal-derived substances
- Binding brokers like guggulu, jaggery, sugar, honey and so forth.
- Bhavana Dravya (Brokers used for trituration of primary elements to reinforce the therapeutic properties)
Proportion of Binding Brokers
सिता चतुर्गुणा देया वटीषु द्विगुणो गुडः |
चूर्णाच्चूर्णसमः कार्यो गुग्गुलुर्मधु तत्समम् |
द्रवं च द्विगुणं देयं मोदकेषु भिषग्वरैः || (Sha.Ma.Kh.7/4)
Proportion of various binding brokers in relation to different elements –
Sita (Sugar) – 4 instances
Guda (Jaggery) – 2 instances
Guggulu – Equal
Madhu (Honey) – Equal
Drava (Any Liquid) – 2 instances
Normal Steps in Vati Preparation
- Assortment and purification of elements
- Preparation of fantastic powder (Churna) of the elements
- Preparation of a binding medium (with or with out warmth)
- Mixing and trituration (Mardana/Bhavana) to acquire a uniform mass
- Rolling and shaping into drugs of specified measurement
- Drying beneath appropriate circumstances
- Packaging and storage in hermetic containers
Normal Technique of Preparation of Vati
For the Vati preparation elements are required in finer type. If natural elements – meaning plant origin substances are used, then ought to be transformed into fantastic powder after correct drying. If mineral elements are used – they need to be transformed into Bhasma or Sindhoora type. And particularly, if parada (mercury) and gandhaka (sulphur) are talked about, they need to be triturated collectively to acquire a mix known as ‘Kajjali’.
The fantastic powders of elements are then combined with an appropriate binding medium to acquire a homogeneous mass. Relying on the character of the formulation, the binding agent could also be ready both with warmth (Sagni methodology) or with out warmth (Niragni methodology). Within the Sagni methodology, substances corresponding to jaggery, sugar, or guggulu are heated to attain the specified consistency earlier than incorporating the powdered medicine. Within the Niragni methodology, liquid media corresponding to honey, natural juices (Svarasa), decoctions (Kwatha), or water are immediately triturated with the powders with out the applying of warmth. The ensuing mass is completely triturated (Mardana/Bhavana) till it turns into easy and pliable, after which it’s rolled into drugs of the specified measurement and form. The ready Vatis are then dried, normally in shade, and saved in hermetic containers to protect their high quality and therapeutic efficacy.
Dosage
कर्षप्रमाणा तन्मात्रा बलं दृष्ट्वा प्रयुज्यताम् | (Sh.Ma.Kh. 7/5)
In keeping with Acharya Sharangadhara, the dosage of Vati ought to be decided after contemplating the Bala (energy) of the affected person. He recommends one Karsha as the usual dose of Vati. Nonetheless, earlier than administering any Vati Kalpana, elements such because the affected person’s age, digestive capability (Agni), bodily energy, physique weight, and the severity and chronicity of the illness ought to be fastidiously thought-about.
Shelf lifetime of Vati
In keeping with Sharngadhara shelf lifetime of Vati Kalpana is one yr.
Nonetheless, in keeping with Rule 161B of the Medicine and Cosmetics Act, the shelf lifetime of Vati Kalpana is 2 years, offered it’s saved in a moisture-free setting.
Anupana and Administration
Varied substances are prescribed as Anupana for Vati preparations, together with water (Jala), heat water (Ushnodaka), milk (Ksheera), ghee (Ghrita), honey (Madhu), buttermilk (Takra), decoctions (Kwatha), and contemporary natural juices (Svarasa). The identical Vati might produce totally different therapeutic results when administered with totally different Anupanas. For instance, digestive and carminative Vatis are generally administered with heat water, whereas rejuvenative (Rasayana) formulations could also be given with milk or ghee. Equally, formulations supposed for respiratory issues are sometimes prescribed with honey.
Benefits of Vati Kalpana
Vati Kalpana is likely one of the most popularly prescribed dosage kinds in Ayurveda as a result of it combines therapeutic efficacy with comfort, stability, and affected person acceptability. Listed here are the benefits of Vati Kalpana over different dosage kinds:
Ease of Administration
Vatis are straightforward to eat and don’t require preparation earlier than use, in contrast to decoctions (Kwatha) which want boiling and filtration.
Exact Dosage
Every Vati is designed with commonplace, particular portions of drugs, making certain consistency in dosing and lowering the opportunity of dosage errors.
Palatability
Many Ayurvedic medicines have a bitter or disagreeable style. So, when Vatis are made, they masks these sensory traits, making them extra acceptable to sufferers.
Prolonged Shelf Life
As Vatis include low moisture content material, they typically possess larger stability and an extended shelf life in comparison with liquid formulations corresponding to Kashayas.
Comfort in Storage and Transportation
Vatis are compact, light-weight, and fewer vulnerable to spillage or contamination. They are often conveniently saved, packaged, and carried throughout journey.
Suitability for various kinds of Components
Vati Kalpana is a perfect methodology for formulating totally different styles of elements. It might probably accommodate all kinds of elements, together with natural powders, purified minerals, metallic preparations, and resins corresponding to Guggulu, making it a flexible dosage type.
Financial Feasibility of Preparation
In contrast with another dosage kinds, Vati preparations are comparatively economical to fabricate, package deal, and distribute on each small and huge scales.